[1 Responses were filed by the Association of California Water Agencies; the Agricultural Energy Consumers Association, California League of Food Processors, Agricultural Council of California, Butterball Turkey Company, Calcot, Ltd., California Association of Winegrape Growers, California Cattlemen’s Association, California Citrus Mutual, California Cotton Growers & Ginners Association, California Grape & Tree Fruit League, California Poultry Industry Federation, California Tomato Growers Association, Eastside Power Authority, Fresno County Farm Bureau, Kern County Farm Bureau, Southern San Joaquin Valley Power Authority, and Western Growers Association, jointly; California Department of General Services and the University of California, jointly; California Energy Commission; California Industrial Users, consisting of Air Liquide America Corporation, Air Products and Chemicals Corporation, Amoco Chemical Company, Anheuser-Busch Companies, BOC Gases, The Chevron Companies, Eastman Chemical Company, General Motors Corporation, Hughes Aircraft Company, Kimberly-Clark Corporation, Liquid Carbonic Industries, Nabisco, Inc., New United Motors Manufacturing, Inc., Owens-Corning Fiberglass Corporation, Praxair, Inc., and Steelcase, Inc.; California Large Energy Consumers Association and California Manufacturers Association, jointly; California Retailers Association; City and County of San Francisco; Consumers Utility Brokerage, Inc.; Destec Power Services, Inc.; Division of Ratepayer Advocates; Energy Producers and Users Coalition, representing Amoco Production Company, Amoco Energy Trading Corporation, ARCO Products Company, Chevron Corporation, Mobil Oil Corporation, Shell Oil Products Company, Texaco Inc., Union Pacific Fuels Inc., and Unocal Corporation; Foster Poultry Farms; Independent Energy Producers Association; Merced Irrigation District; New Energy Ventures, Inc.; New York Mercantile Exchange; Praxair, Inc.; United States Department of Energy’s Oakland Operations Office; San Diego Gas & Electric Company; San Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit District; Southern California Edison Company; Southern California Gas Company; and Toward Utility Rate Normalization.

2 In the Policy Decision, we stated our intent to begin the phase-in of direct access and the establishment of the Independent System Operator and Power Exchange not later than January 1, 1998 (pp. 25, 65). For convenience, we will use January 1, 1998 to refer to the implementation date in the remainder of this decision, but this convention should not be taken as a lessening of our desire to implement the Policy Decision as soon as possible.

3 We do not by this order expand the purposes which we have previously found appropriate for discounted contracts. Those purposes include deterring uneconomic bypass, preventing departure to locations out of state, and attracting new business from out of state.